Clouds Coming From the South

Friends, We are posting an account of travel to the Yunan province of China by one of our friends from IGNOU. Mr. Vats went to China from IGNOU about seven years back. Since then he has taught at the Beijing university and not only learnt the Chinese language but also is now engaged in translating Chinese literature. In the process he has made many friends and was even nominated for an award for promoting India-China friendship. Currently he works at the China radio international. He has travelled extensively in China, keenly studying the issues of development and the questions of harmony in the Chinese experiment.As you know, recently the ethnic riots in Xinjiang province recently placed these issues centre stage in the context of China. There have been analyses pointing out departures from Mao Zedong's approach towards minority- majority communities' relationships in the current day China.Mr. Vats has decided to study the situation himself. His account of travels in Yunan(which in Chinese he tells us means 'clouds coming from the south') is at the moment a page from his diary. He is open to your comments.You can write to him directly at c/o Mr. Rakesh Vats, China Radio International (we will subsequently post his email address)or you can query him through this blog.It is perhaps these issues of harmony and development which have enhanced interest in Asian studies and China in universities such as the Australian National University, as reported by the ABC news on 8th Jan. 2009.This news report also suggested that one of the factors in this interest is the dream of the Australian PM, Kevin Rudd (who speaks the Chinese language fluently), that Australian children will learn Chinese to reach out to the region.Mr. Kevin Rudd, who was in India recently in the context of race attacks on the Indian students in Australia could perhaps also include these Indian students in such dreams of multiculturalism. "Development in the border areas of Yunnan in China
Run up to the much awaited celebration of 60th anniversary of People’s Republic of china on October 1st ; CRI gave us an opportunity to travel to the vast border areas of south western part of Yunnan province inhabited mostly by minorities of china. The purpose of the travel was to observe and see the development taken place in the last thirty years after china implemented reforms and open policies in those far flung areas that usually don’t shine in the cities neon lights. We were flown from Beijing to Kunming the capital of Yunnan province from where we had to start our journey of two weeks mostly by bus. Yunnan province is the sixth largest province of china and home to two third of 56 minorities, half of the total plants and animals found in china. If someone travels to Kunming and want to see the cultural varieties of these minorities, one can visit minority’s village in the city which showcase the cultural diversity of almost all the minorities in one place. On 12th August early morning we started our journey by bus and our destination was 700 km far away in the mountainous region a small town Manshi which is a town under the jurisdiction of Luxi,which is the capital of the Deihong Dai & Jingpo nationalities autonomous Prefecture. I was very apprehensive before the travel and was sure to get all the joints of the body loosen by the end of day’s journey in the mountainous region. My experience of traveling in the hometown mountains in Himachal Pradesh, India was an indication of the trouble ahead. As our bus journey progressed I was utterly surprised to witness the wide four lane road in the lap of the serpent shaped mountain track, and the minimum speed of the vehicle is prescribed 60 to 80 km for heavy vehicle and 100 km for smaller one. By cutting open the hearts of mountains, by erecting tall pillars, by cementing and iron netting the slope of the mountains, hundreds of tunnels as small as 50 meter and as long as 3900 meters, a wondrous straight highway has been made till Manshi. If you drive on this road and in case your car’s breakdown, there is a safety net on this mountainous highway, after every ten twenty kilometers there is a bifurcated safety road peace going up and been filled with sand and rubber tier wall, it can save the life in the emergent situation. And there were also signs on the road of the length of the descent and ascend lying ahead, and numerous water stations on the way.
It’s not only the highway and vehicles whose speed was a matter of surprise, but the overall development of the region which lay both sides of the road was an eye opener. Village by village we witnessed the progress of rural areas of minorities in the mountains. Even traveling in the bus and seeing from the window, we could clearly recognize which minority village we are passing by. The well built houses of the villages clearly have some symbol painted on the walls of each and every house which indicate their identity.
Next four days we spent in the border towns of Manshi, Baoshan ,Ruil, Wanding, talking with the officials, meeting local peoples, criss-cross the border market and enjoying the local feast in the minorities villages. In Manshi,we found the language, the costumes and the customs are more like those in Burma, Laos and Thailand. Even the sign board in the market, road sides are mostly in three languages, Chinese, Burmese and Thai. After reforms and opening up these areas have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the border trade which has benefited people’s income and their life. Most of the minority’s villages in this region enjoy all the facilities accorded by the central government’s policies for minorities, school with in radius of four kilometer for every village, electricity, health care center, nine years compulsory education, tax rebate and insurance for the farmers. Normally where a couple can have only one child as a rule in China, minorities can have more then one. To protect their languages, and to curb drop out rate in the schools, the teachers are appointed after giving them training from their own communities so that the children can get basic education in their mother tongue. When you pass through the city, you tend to forget that you are walking through the streets of a small border town, the streets are as wide as in Beijing and all the facilities of modern city town can be seen here. ATM, Carrie four, KTV, net bar and high rise buildings. Ruili also has the largest jewelry market of china, mostly jade articles and jewelry is being traded here.
Our next destination was Tengchong County which lies at the western foot of Gaolinggong Mountains, in the western part of Yunnan province. Bordering on keqinbang of Burma on the west with a boundary of 148.7 kilometers. The population here consists of more than 10 ethnic groups, such as Hans,Dais,Bais,Huis,Lisus,Achangs and others, each with their own rich and colorful culture and traditions. Tengchong is a famous historical and culture town, known as “The hometown of Overseas Chinese”. It is situated in a border area and is a town of strategic importance. During the anti-Japanese war Tengchong was a main battle field in the western part of Yunnan Today It has seen much development, thanks to the bubbling border trade and it has emerged as a famous tourist attraction for scientists, and inland Chinese travelers for “Geological Museum”,” Natural Botanical Garden” and” a “Natural Museum”. Anti-Japanese war memorial is a new edition in the city’s tourist spots which attracts nearly a 1000 visitor everyday.
Our first leg of travel was coming to an end and we traveled back from Tengchong to Kunming, a day’s journey again by bus. In the last six days we had seen many new places, unknown to us before and our purpose was to know first hand how far these places have benefited with the reforms and open policies of the Chinese government of the last thirty years. And how much impact these policies have made on the life of so called ‘Aam Admi’ (common man) .Is he getting ‘Roti,Kapra aur Makan’ and other facilities, such as electricity, clean water, roads, schools ,hospitals and social security? How can we do that? To know about all this firstly we need to talk to those, who have power and responsibility to provide all these things, and we did talk to those people, although we also know its not sufficient but the fact remain that a society which has zero tolerance for corruption, government officials tried to do their job with a sense of responsibility, honesty, hard work and with utmost transparency provided us all the figures and information we needed. .secondly, we should look around with open eyes and ears and try to see those forms of development which don’t require any discussion or figures and information. They speak for themselves, such as basic infrastructure in the city, roads, transport, market,etc.We can clearly have an idea after seeing this if the society is moving ahead or not. Third, we need to talk to those who are the recipient of all this development. We tried to use all these three methods to see how much developed has taken place in these areas. I met with a 14 year old girl of Jingpho minority in her village named Lucy and she for me represents the new face of upcoming generation of these minorities. She likes English, can use Internet and after graduation she want to work in a media. The new generation of minorities in this region has got a chance to dream and to fulfill it also." (Pages from Mr. Vats's diary.We are grateful for sharing his thoughts with us.).(SFC, PG with the help of Mr. Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Matthew)

At Cooper Street

The reported racial attack on a Sikh youth at Cooper Street in Melbourne last Sunday again shows that the problem has not yet gone away. However, one positive point was that there was an attempt to prevent the attack by the companions of the attacking youth and also by the bus driver and a passenger at the bus station where the attack took place. We have in the past also drawn attention to this positive aspect of the Australian society. This indeed is an indication that getting out of what the French thinker Paul Virilio called the 'social swamp' is actually possible. This 'social swamp' is a result of individuals cooped up in their 'own black holes' and complementing the micro- fascism of local gangs who dictate local laws and local conditions of living, interacting and thinking in the modern(hyper modern) urban settings. This 'social swamp' according to him actually completes the 'obvious and super organised society' of the western world in the current times. This technologically super organised society he points out is driven by the relentless logic of speed which plays a crucial part in the militarization of urban space and the transformation of social, political and cultural life. Indeed history itself makes 'progress at the speed of its weapons system' It is here that Virilio tries to rescue a sense of history in his critique of the famous cyber Australian artists such as Stelarc. This critique by the humanist Virilio is to prevent situations where political power aided by technoscience turns against its own people. This happened, for example, recently in September 2009 when the military ruler of Guinea in Africa turned the guns at his own people who were holding a protest rally. Hundreds were killed and injured. Really a tragic consequence of attempts to control the mind and body. In India we need to be careful of the ' black hole' phenomenon as evidenced in the bizarre case of the murder committed by the 'brilliant' Phd student of IIT which was reported yesterday. At the same time the attempts to dictate what and how people should think in the wake of the condemnable Maoist violence can only throw us in to a 'social swamp'.(SFC, PG with the help of Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew)

Wake Up Sid

In yet another race attack, an Indian student was hit and robbed in North - West Melbourne in Australia on the 29th of September, reports of which are still coming in. We have been commenting on and actively mobilising opinion on the safety of the Indian students in Australia.Clearly more needs to be done both in India and Australia. However, equally shocking are the reports coming from Mumbai where a leading film maker was made to apologise for his characters using the name Bombay instead of Mumbai for the city in the film 'Wake Up Sid'. Incidents of this kind hardly project the right impression of India and the Indians in an interconnected world.Needless to say such incidents would not help campaigns for the welfare and security of students and other sections of society studying, travelling and living in various destinations across the globe.Within India this kind of identity politics immensely sets back our social, educational and democratic processes.

This kind of identity politics has arisen within the context of the advanced industrial world with which we are supposed to be integrating. We must remember that even within that world this identity politics is a problem area creating enormous difficulties for everyday life of the common people.It has led to riots and frictions in France, U.S. , U.K. and other countries. In Australia it had led to movements such as 'Australian Universities for Australians'. The dynamics of these politics differ from country to country. However in the context of the post- industrial society they seem to be marked by what a leading American author called the union of 'total commercialisation and politics'.This leads to 'one of the many ways' in which discourse and communication becomes immune to artistic and creative expression. The notions of Maharashtrians, Indians or Australians etc. are fixed as some kind of constructs in this discourse and are sought to be imposed. All development of meanings or history is cut off in this way. Human beings in this situation are reduced to these constructs and are vulnerable to the stereotypes generated by them. The 'north Indian outsider' or the 'pesky Indian student' are some of the stereotypes. The defining feature of the post industrial society is the dominance of technology. It is this dominance which identity politics uses to create a closed universe in which fixed meanings and constructs have to be accepted and internalised by individuals in order to survive. In other words multiculturalism is out and the individual is expected to associate with a fixated structure of institutions, attitudes, aspirations and he/she is expected to react in fixated,specific manner.Thus, one of the Bollywood filmstars actually said that her respect for Karan Johar went up because he apologised to Raj Thackeray.It is this internalisation of repressive and fixed constructs which marks the identity politics of the post industrial society.This could be even reflected in undemocratic state systems of the post industrial world which thrive on identity politics. The language of interaction which comes up here, is that of what the famous French linguist and semiotician Roland Barthes called 'intimidation and glorification' It is thus through the intimidatory tactics of Raj Thackeray the glorification of the Marathi 'manoos'(man) is achieved. Likewise glorification of such fixed identity constructs are achieved elsewhere in the world. This creates a hypnotic reality (as Barthes points out) and it is to this reality that we along with Sid actually need to wake up to.(SFC and PG of IGNOU with the help of Mr. Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew).

Descent In To Hell

The recent physical attack on a cab driver of Indian origin by the rising Australian sports star, Michael Hurley, in Melbourne, is quite disturbing. At a time when the Premier of Victoria, John Brumby is on a confidence building tour of India(after the racial attacks on the Indian students there), this incident could not have been more badly timed. The dispute was over the cab fare to be paid. It was then that the drunk Hurley punched and kicked the cab driver in the loins.
"Melbourne is a big city and this happens" said Brumby while reacting to the incident. Acts of similar kind in France, the U.S.and elsewhere tend to get explained away as urban crime and misdemeanour. While we leave it to the experts to debate the complex nature of today's urbanization, we do need to take in to account the increasing number of incidents of such 'crime' which are taking place in the Indian cities as well as cities abroad.What seems to be shaping the attitudes as the recent media reports suggest, is what 19th century writers called the 'Mammon Gospel'. Witness the recent furore over austerity drives etc. in India for example.
Perhaps here we could turn to the eminent English educationist, historian and writer of the 19th century, Thomas Carlyle, for some insight.(He had also visited and travelled in Australia). Carlyle's book 'Past and Present', published in 1843, was an attempt to understand the early modern society in England. It "is the only one which strikes a human chord,presents human relations and shows traces of a human point of view" said one progressive commentator of the time. Though Carlyle in his later works was to move away from his 'forward looking' views and was even accused of racism, his comments on the Mammon Gospel are instructive.He was to argue that the 19th century England had acquired an 'unchristian' new hell.The hell of modern England is the consciousness of "not succeeding, of not making money" To quote him:
"True we with our Mammon Gospel have come to strange conclusions.We call it Society;and go about professing openly the total separation, isolation.Our life is not a mutual helpfulness; but rather, cloaked under due laws-of-war,named 'competition' and so forth,it is a mutual hostility.We have profoundly forgotten that Cash payment is not the sole relation of human beings.'
Perhaps we need to address these 'strange conclusions' as they keep cropping up in the reactions to the various incidents, Australian and others.(SFC, PG with the help of Mr. Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew).

In the Cattle Class Now?

The recent racial attacks on three Indians in Melbourne by a mob of eighty again highlights the fact that the problem has not gone away.The repeated assaults indicate a mindset which refuses to see a human being as a human being.We have pointed out before that the problem is systemic. Clearly in this system the human body is being treated as a means to accomplish a racist end. Otherwise how do you explain this brutal physical assault degrading human beings?
At our end, in India, it could have been a matter of battling attitudes which lead up to the racial tensions.This is however not helped by the unseemly controversy in which our MOS for external affairs has got caught up in. Calling a large section of society 'cattle class' is hardly the way to build the right national and international attitudes.Being a former contender of the top United Nations job, he should have known that the majority of the nations in the U.N. are those who have fought these 'cattle class' attitudes to emerge out of war and colonialism and in to freedom. These 'cattle class' attitudes led to the racial segregation and the 'koi hai' culture of the British in India in the 19th century.This 'cattle class' culture also keeps a vast number of people today under 'techno-political' subjugation.Inherent in these 'cattle class' classifications are the attitudes of patriarchy, communalism and disdain for human life.In the last twenty odd years of India integrating with a globalized world, these were the issues to have been tackled by us. In tackling these we could have moved towards the right attitudes for tackling issues such as racism which seem to be emerging in Australia and as well as in the issue of health care reform in the U.S or attacks upon Muslims in Germany.
This is not to run down Mr. Tharoor whom we respect as a writer and a gentleman. However, his comments have given us an occasion to reflect upon the enormity of tasks ahead of us at a time when study processes have got caught up in racial and political tensions.Here we must stress to him that it is this historical and juridical positing of man to the animal nature by the German jurist, Gustav Hugo(1764-1844) which was criticised by a famous radical thinker in the 19th century as the German theory of the French ancien regime.The only conclusion which stems from this, as this radical points out, is "the right of arbitrary power". This ofcourse we must oppose.(SFC and PG IGNOU with Mr. Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew)

ALMORA SFC PG

As per the requirements of our experiment we are in the process of inviting volunteers for a remote area Student Faculty Cell and Peer Group at the Almora study centre under the Dehradun regional centre. Last weekend we visited the Almora study centre and met the coordinator Mr. Durgesh Pant. He has enthusiastically assured us his cooperation and help. Almora is a part of the famous Kumaon hills and our students there live in the scattered towns and hamlets characteristic of a hill region. In many places both road and telephone connectivity is difficult. Hence the students have difficulties in getting study materials etc. and in communicating with the study centre. The coordinator told us that as a result the attendance at counselling sessions is low. We hope that our study groups will be able to help out. We will also be watching with interest the progress made by the students of one of our peer group members who will be studying the development activities in this area.These students will be staying with families in remote villages like Dulum. They are expected to live like family members, help out the families with different chores and also carry out their studies. These students belong to different parts of India and in a sense in living with families of different communities of this region will experiment with multiculturalism.We can draw appropriate lessons from their experiences in their study process in this region for our study groups.For those of you who have been following the comments on the Australian incidents on this blog it may be of interest that one of the earliest Australian writers John Lang is almost regarded as a folk hero in this region(He had stayed here). He wrote with equal sensitivity about the Tasmanian and Kumaon-Garhwal landscapes and had taken up cudgels for Rani Laxmi Bai (of the first war of Indian independence fame ) against the annexationist designs of the East India Company during the British rule in India.
Those of you interested in coming forward may please contact Mr. Durgesh Pant:(M)09412375384. email:durgesh_pant@yahoo.com. Messages can be left with two counsellors suggested by Mr. Pant; Dr. M.M. Joshi:9690676632.Dr. Bheema Manral:9412514596.(Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew)

Welcome

We the Student Faculty Cell and the Peer Group members extend a warm welcome to Hon.Julia Gillard MP and Deputy PM of Australia on her visit to India. Her visit is significant at a time when both the people and the governments of India and Australia are moving towards resolving the tensions caused by a spate of racial incidents in which a number of Indian students were attacked in Australia. Her positive interactions with the students of the LSR of Delhi University have sent the right signals to the student community and the country at large. We have also given our representation when she visited IGNOU today on the 1st september2009 for a university ceremony. Following is the text of the pamphlet:
"STUDENT FACULTY CELLS AND THE PEER GROUPS OF IGNOU
SUB: TREATMENT OF INDIAN STUDENTS IN AUSTRALIAHON. Ms. Gillard, MP and the Deputy PM of Australia,
We express our greatest concern regarding the recent reports of racial attacks on the Indian students in Australia. We have been expressing our concern by appealing both to the Australian public opinion through our blog http://www.expressionssfcpg.blogspot.com/ and to the MPs and political parties in Australia who have been taking up the battle against racism and for multiculturalism. We have also appealed to the Indian students in Australia and India to approach the issue through upholding multiculturalism. In this context we welcome your visit to strengthen India-Australia ties and your assurances for the safety and wellbeing of the Indian and the international students. The backdrop of the recent visit of the Indian Foreign Minister to your country, where we believe this issue was taken up in right earnest, underscores the importance both governments have attached to countering the ugly issue of racism in the modern world. However we believe that more needs to be done to counter racism by addressing systemic factors which give rise to it. Meanwhile steps towards genuine multiculturalism taken by the governments and the peoples of India and Australia will, we hope, counter this menace. We appeal to you and your government to maintain a constant vigilance in this regard.
THANK YOU AND A VERY WARM WELCOME TO INDIA "
(SFC and PG members with the help of Mr.Ajay Mahurkar and Dr. Dolly Mathew)